{"id":658,"date":"2017-12-29T09:53:39","date_gmt":"2017-12-29T09:53:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/?p=658"},"modified":"2017-12-29T10:27:31","modified_gmt":"2017-12-29T10:27:31","slug":"self-defense-in-operation-the-anticipatory-and-preemtive-use-of-military-instrument","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/?p=658","title":{"rendered":"Self-Defense in Operation: The Anticipatory and Preemtive Use of Military Instrument"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Self-Defense in Operation: The Anticipatory and Preemtive Use of Military Instrument<\/p>\n<p>Qerim Qerimi<\/p>\n<p>Abstract<\/p>\n<p>This article\u2019s main thrust is to explore distinct features of the legality of the use of armed force as an exercise of the right to self-defense in international law. The focus is on contexts that transcend the traditional operation of the use of military instrument in self-defense. The aim is to go beyond the classic notion of self-defense, meaning the use of military instrument by a state against another state after the attack has occurred. In contrast, the task here is to appraise the legality of the use of force in anticipatory and preemptive self-defense. More specifically, the two scenarios that will appraised in greater detail involve (1) the anticipatory self-defense in cases of terrorist threats or threats to, or use of, nuclear weapons; and (2) the use of force in self-defense in cases when the source of attack has been a non-state actor rather than an independent and sovereign state.<\/p>\n<p>Keywords: use of force, self-defense, nuclear weapons, state responsibility, non-state actors   <\/p>\n<a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Self-Defense-in-Operation-The-Anticipatory-and-Preemtive-Use-of-Military-Instrument-1.pdf\" class=\"pdfemb-viewer\" style=\"\" data-width=\"max\" data-height=\"max\" data-mobile-width=\"500\"  data-scrollbar=\"none\" data-download=\"on\" data-tracking=\"on\" data-newwindow=\"on\" data-pagetextbox=\"off\" data-scrolltotop=\"off\" data-startzoom=\"100\" data-startfpzoom=\"100\" data-toolbar=\"bottom\" data-toolbar-fixed=\"off\">Self-Defense in Operation The Anticipatory and Preemtive Use of Military Instrument<br\/><\/a>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Self-Defense in Operation: The Anticipatory and Preemtive Use of Military Instrument Qerim Qerimi Abstract This article\u2019s main thrust is to explore distinct features of the <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/?p=658\" title=\"Self-Defense in Operation: The Anticipatory and Preemtive Use of Military Instrument\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/658"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=658"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/658\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":673,"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/658\/revisions\/673"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=658"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-journaloflaw.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}